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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク NSG mouse ： ウィキペディア英語版 NSG mouse NSG, or NOD scid gamma (NOD.Cg-''Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl''/SzJ), is a strain of inbred laboratory mice, among the most immunodeficient described to date. NSG mice lack mature T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. NSG mice are also deficient in multiple cytokine signaling pathways, and they have many defects in innate immunity.〔 The compound immunodeficiencies in NSG mice permit the engraftment of a wide range of primary human cells, and enable sophisticated modeling of many areas of human biology and disease. NSG mice were developed in the laboratory of Dr. Leonard Shultz at The Jackson Laboratory. ==Features of NSG mice== *The genetic background, derived from inbred NOD mouse strain NOD/ShiLtJ, contributes reductions in innate immunity that include an absent hemolytic complement system, reduced dendritic cell function, and defective macrophage activity.〔 The NOD/ShiLtJ background also contributes an allele of the ''Sirpa'' gene that renders the bone marrow niche very permissive to colonization by human hematopoietic stem cells. *The ''Prkdcscid'' mutation, commonly known as “scid” or “severe combined immunodeficiency”, essentially eliminates adaptive immunity. ''Prkdcscid'' is a loss-of-function mutation in the mouse homologue of the human ''PRKDC'' gene, which encodes a protein that resolves DNA strand breaks that occur during V(D)J recombination in developing T and B lymphocytes. Mice homozygous for the mutation have severely reduced numbers of mature T and B cells.〔 The phenotypic penetrance of ''Prkdcscid'' varies among inbred strain backgrounds, but the mutation is most effective at eliminating adaptive immunity on the NOD genetic background.〔 *The ''Il2rgtm1Wjl'' targeted mutation is a complete null mutation in the gene encoding the interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain (IL2Rγ, homologous to IL2RG in humans). IL2Rγ is a common component of the cell surface receptors that bind and transduce signals from six distinct interleukins. Signaling through IL2Rγ is required for the differentiation and function of many hematopoietic cells.〔 Notably, the absence of IL2Rγ blocks NK cell differentiation, and thereby removes a major obstacle preventing the efficient engraftment of primary human cells.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「NSG mouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.